Définition du Karaté Kyokushinkai


Maître Masutatsu Oyama

Le kyokushinkai a été créé part maître Masutatsu Oyama qui a suivi l'enseignement des plus grands parmi lesquels ô sensei Funakoshi Gichin. Le style japonais (goju ryu et shotokan) lui inspire les techniques de poing, le travail respiratoire, les mouvements linéaires ; les formes circulaires viennent du taikiken de maître Kenichi Sawai, mais il a aussi puisé dans les arts martiaux chinois et coréens anciens avant de faire sa propre synthèse basée sur ses recherches et sensations personnelles.

 

Au Japon, puis à travers le monde, Masutatsu Oyama a su faire connaître le kyokushinkai  Maître Oyama est devenu de son vivant une véritable légende. Il a créé un style qui a la réputation d'être la forme "dure" du karatédo. Les combats se déroulent avec contact et frappe réelle. La casse et l'endurance servent aux élèves à se tester ; kihon et kata restant bien évidement les outils de base du pratiquant. Actuellement, le kyokushinkai représente au Japon la plus grosse école de karatédo et compte plus de douze millions de pratiquants sur les cinq continents (150 pays affiliés).

Il a passé sa vie à se battre. Contre des lutteurs, des boxeurs, des,taureaux, contre les hommes et les idées de son temps. Le Karaté d' Oyama occupe une place à part dans le monde des arts martiaux. Une place gagnée à la force du mental et du corps de celui qui fut sans conteste un des plus grands maîtres du Vingtième  siècle.!!

Le Kyokushin- Ryù Ecole de l' Ultime Vérité) est considéré comme étant l' un des style les plus durs, les plus efficaces et les plus intransigeants du Karaté japonais.   KYOKUSHIN KARATE est avant tout un art de combat, et le combat passe forcément par le contact, pas de contact, pas de combat donc, pas de Karaté<< Les élèves du Kumité combat Kyokushin dépassent peu à peu la peur et développent courage. le   combat Kyokushin est un Kumité courageux .!

Kyoku veut dire finalité, point ultime.
Shin veut dire vérité, réalité.
Kai signifie joindre, associer, rencontrer.

 

Maître Masutatsu Oyama

 




Au Japon, puis à travers le monde, Masutatsu Oyama a su faire connaître le kyokushin avec de nombreux ouvrages. Maître Oyama est devenu de son vivant une véritable légende. Il a créé un style qui a la réputation d'être la forme "dure" du karatédo. Les combats se déroulent avec contact et frappe réelle. La casse et l'endurance servent aux élèves à se tester ; kihon et kata restant bien évidement les outils de base du pratiquant. Actuellement, le kyokushinkai représente au Japon la plus grosse école de karatédo et compte plus de douze millions de pratiquants sur les cinq continents (150 pays affiliés).

Fortement influencé par maître Oyama, des personnalités du monde politique et du spectacle ont pratiqué le kyokushinkai : parmi eux Juan Carlos, Hussein de Jordanie, le prince Faisal d'Arabie, Dolph Lundgren, Sean Connery, Michel Polnareff, Daniel Guichard et beaucoup d'autres...

Maître Oyama est mort en avril 1994.



Le symbole du kyokushin karaté est le kanku, dont les origines proviennent du kata kanku qui, littéralement, se traduit par : "forme contemplative du ciel".
 

 

Le kanku, symbole du kyokushin karaté


Ce kata commence en levant les mains ouvertes avec les pouces et les index qui se touchent. L'attention est alors dirigée vers le centre des mains afin d'unifier l'esprit et le corps .Les pointes du kanku représentent les doigts et signifient la finalité. La partie épaisse représente les poings et signifie la puissance. Le centre représente l'espace entre les mains et signifie l'infini, la profondeur. Les cercles intérieurs et extérieurs signifient la continuité et le mouvement circulaire.

 

 



Masutatsu Ōyama
 

Masutatsu Oyama was born in July 12, 1923 in Qa-Ryong-Ri Yong-chi-Myo'n Chul Na Do South Korea. His child given name was Young-Li, but when he immigrated to Japan, they pressured him to take a Japanese name. He chose Oyama which means "great mountain". At a relatively young age he was sent to Manchuria, in Southern China, to live on his sister's farm. At the age of nine, he started studying the Southern Chinese form of Kempo called Eighteen Techniques (Shaku-riki system) his teacher was Mr. Yi who was at the time working on his sister's farm. Mas Oyama studied with Mr. Yi for about 2 years He attained the level of Shodan. At the age of 12 he returned to Korea were he continued his training in Korean martial art known as Taiken or Chabi. These Korean arts were a mixture of Kempo, which was similar to kung fu, and Ju Jitsu. This training continued until about the age of 13 years. At this point he was moved to Tokyo, Japan to train as an aviator, to be like Bismarck, his hero of the time. He was enrolled at the Yamanashi Youth Aviation Institute. Survival on his own at that age proved to be more difficult than he thought, especially as a Korean in Japan, and the aviator training fell by the wayside. During this time he started training in boxing and Judo. One day he noticed some student training in Okinawa karate, he got interested and went to train at the Dojo of Gichin Funakoshi at Takushoku University, where he learned what is today known Shotokan Karate. His training progress was very impressive, by the age of seventeen he was already a 2nd Dan, by the age of 20, he was a 4th Dan. At this point he also took a serious interest in judo, and his progress there was no less amazing. By the time he had quit training in Judo, less than four years after he had started, he had achieved the rank of fourth Dan in Judo.


At this time Mas Oyama entered the Butokukai which was the trained academy for the imperial Japanese Military. The Butokakai specialized in guerrilla warfare, espionage, and hand to hand combat. Sosai spent 2 years in this organization which ended with the close of World War II. The defeat of Japan and the subsequent indignity of Occupation was very hard to take by Mas Oyama. At this time he decided to continue his training under the direction of Master So Nei Chu, also a Korean (from Oyama's own province) living in Japan was a Goju expert and student of Chojun Miyagi, the founder of Goju Karate. So Nei Chu renowned for his physical and spiritual strength, was purported to be the leading expert of Goju Karate in Japan at the time, next to Miyagi Sensei. It was Master So who encouraged Sosai Oyama to undertake his mountain retreat to strengthen his technical skills and temper his spirit. He was accompanied by one of his own students, but after six months of isolation, the student secretly fled during the night leaving Mas Oyama to continue his vigorous training alone which became even harder for Oyama, who wanted more than ever to return to civilization. So Nei Chu wrote to him that he should shave off an eyebrow in order to get rid of the urge. Surely he wouldn't want anyone to see him that way! This and other more moving words convinced Oyama to continue, and he resolved to become the most powerful karate man in Japan. Soon however, his sponsor informed him that he was no longer able to support him and so after 14 months, he had to end his solitude. A few months later in 1947, after returning to civilization, he tested his abilities in the Karate division of the first Japanese National Martial Arts Championships, which he won. However, he felt empty for not having complete the 3 years of solitude. He then decided to dedicate his life completely to karate-do, so he started again this time on mount Kiyozumi also in Chiba Prefecture. He chose this site for its spiritual uplifting environment.

This time his training was fanatical - 12 hours a day every day with no rest days, standing under (cold) buffeting waterfalls, breaking river stones with his hands, using trees as Makiwara, jumping over rapidly growing flax plants hundreds of times each day. Each day also included a period of study of the ancients classics on the Martial arts Zen, and philosophy.

After eighteen months he came down fully confident of himself, and able to take control of his life. Never again would he be so heavily influenced by his society around him. (Though it is probably safe to say that his circumstances were also probably never again as traumatic!)

In 1950, Sosai (the founder) Mas Oyama started testing (and demonstrating) his power by fighting bulls. In all, he fought 52 bulls, three of which were killed instantly, and 49 had their horns taken off with knife hand blows. That it is not to say that it was all that easy for him. Oyama was fond of remembering that his first attempt just resulted in an angry bull. In 1957, at the age of 34, he was nearly killed in Mexico when a bull got some of his own back and gored him. Oyama somehow managed to pull the bull off and break off his horn. He was bedridden for 6 months while he recovered from the usually fatal wound. Today of course, the animal rights groups would have something to say about these demonstrations, despite the fact that the animals were already all destined for slaughter. In 1952, he traveled the United States for a year, demonstrating his karate, live and on national television. During subsequent years, he took on all challengers, resulting in fights with 270 different people. The vast majority of these were defeated with one punch! A fight never lasted more than three minutes, and most rarely lasted more than a few seconds. His fighting principle was simple — if he got through to you, that was it. If he hit you, you broke. If you blocked a rib punch, you arm was broken or dislocated. If you didn't block, your rib was broken. He became known as the Godhand, a living manifestation of the Japanese warriors' maxim Ichi geki, Hissatsu or "One strike, certain death". To him, this was the true aim of technique in karate. The fancy footwork and intricate techniques were secondary (though he was also known for the power of his head kicks). It was during one of his visits to the United States that Mas Oyama met Jacques Sandulescu, a big (190 cm and 190 kg of muscle) Romanian who had been taken prisoner by the Red Army at the age of 16, and sent to the coal mines as a slave laborer for two years. They quickly became friends and remained so for the rest of Oyama's life, and Jacques still trains and acts as advisor to the IKO(1) to this day. In 1953, Mas Oyama opened his first "Dojo", a grass lot in Mejiro in Tokyo. In 1956, the first real Dojo was opened in a former ballet studio behind Rikkyo University, 500 meters from the location of the current Japanese Honbu Dojo (headquarters). By 1957 there were 700 members, despite the high drop-out rate due to the hardness of training. Practitioners of other styles came to train here too, for the jis-sen kumite (full contact fighting). One of the original instructors, Kenji Kato, has said that they would observe those from other styles, and adopt any techniques that "would be good in a real fight". This was how Mas Oyama's karate evolved. He took techniques from all martial arts, and did not restrict himself to karate alone. The Oyama Dojo members took their Kumite seriously, seeing it primarily as a fighting art, so they expected to hit and to be hit. With few restrictions, attacking the head was common, usually with the palm heel or towel-wrapped knuckles. Grabs, throws, and groin attacks were also common. Kumite rounds would continue till one person loudly conceded defeat. Injuries occurred on a daily basis and the drop out rate was high (over 90%). They had no official do-gi and wore whatever they had.

In 1952, Mas Oyama gave a demonstration in Hawaii. A young Bobby Lowe saw him and was stunned by the power Oyama demonstrated. It was not as though Bobby Lowe was inexperienced in martial arts. Though still quite young, his achievements to date were not much less than those of Mas Oyama himself. His father had been a Kung Fu instructor, and he had participated in any fighting art he could find. By the age of 23, he was Yondan in judo, Nidan in Kempo, Shodan in Aikido, and a highly regarded welterweight boxer. It was not long before Bobby Lowe became the first Kyokushin uchi deshi or "live-in student" of Mas Oyama's. He trained daily with Mas Oyama for one and a half years. Eventually, an uchi deshi's time became "1000 days for the beginning". These uchi deshi became known as Wakajishi, or the "Young Lions" of Mas Oyama and only a few of the hundreds of applicants were chosen each year for the privilege of training full time under the Master. In 1957, Bobby Lowe returned to Hawaii to open the first School of Oyama outside Japan.

The beginning of Kyokushin: The current World Headquarters were officially opened in June 1964, where the name Kyokushin, meaning "Ultimate truth" was adopted. From then, Kyokushin continued to spread to more than 120 countries, and registered members exceed 10 million making it one of the largest martial arts organizations in the world. Among the better known Kyokushin Yudansha (black belts) are Sean Connery (Honorary Shodan), Dolph Lundgren (Sandan, and former Australian heavyweight champion. Famous movie star). Also some adepts claim that Nelson Mandela, the President of South Africa, has an honorary 8th Dan, given by the kyokushin Organization on June 01, 1995. However they fail to mention that Nelson Mandela never accept this Belt, many believe that the reason for this is because Kyokushin in South Africa support the Apartheid Regime.
Sadly, Sosai Masutatsu Oyama died of lung cancer (as a non-smoker), at the age of 70 in April 1994, leaving a confuse organization which split into three mayor groups. The IKO1, under the leadership of Shihan Akiyoshi Matsui, the IKO2, under the leadership of Shihan Yukio Nishida, and the IKO3, under the leadership of Shihan Yoshikazu Matsushima. Those three groups have the difficult task of maintain the spirit and the teaching of Kyokushin alive. This has had many political and economic ramifications throughout the Kyokushin world, which are still being resolved. In the end, the result may well be a splintering of Kyokushin, much like Shotokan now appears to have done, with each group claiming to be the one-and-only true heir of Mas Oyama's Kyokushin, either spiritually or even financially. It is however reasonably certain that all Kyokushin groups, regardless of their ultimate allegiance, will still maintain the standards set by Mas Oyama. Maybe a Kyokushin disperse will be a good thing, since in all good families, some of the children eventually do leave home and start their own families. Some of the splinter groups may remain faithful to the Kyokushin principles, such as Hanshi Steve Arneil in Great Britain did in 1991. Many others, such as Shigeru Oyama in the U.S., have taken it further by developing their own style based on Kyokushin




L'Histoire du Karaté Kyokushinkai


Kyokushin kai
Ultime Vérité École

La maison de "l'école de l'ultime vérité"

Sosai Masutatsu Oyama

Si le Kyokushinkai a été l'œuvre d'un seul homme tout au long de la vie de son fondateur (Sosai) Maître Masutatsu Oyama, il a subit après le décès de ce dernier de nombreuses dérives.
Organisations plus ou moins importantes qui se livrent bataille (juridique) pour le droit à l'appellation "Kyokushinkai", mais aussi nouveaux styles souvent très proche de l'origine, avec des appellations diverses.
Le tableau ci-dessous livre l'état de nos connaissances en 2004. En cas d'erreurs ou pour nous aider à combler les nombreux oublis involontaires, n'hésitez pas à nous le signaler.
Direction mondiale Style Représentant en France Organisation
Maître Matsui Kyokushinkai Bertrand Kron FKOK
Jacques Legrée EFKK
Maître Matsushima Kyokushinkai ( Sensei Milan Radovic FKMOK ( le premier Branch Chief en France


Maître Kurosawa Kyokushinkai
Maître Midori Shin Kyokushin Bernard Nazareth FKKO
Maître Oyama World Oyama Edouard Plaisance
Maître Nakamura Seido Juku
Maître Ninomiya Enshin
Maître Soeno Shidokan Shidokan
Maître Ishii Seidokaikan
M Sugihara Byakurenkai
Maître Azuma Daido Juku
Steve Arneil Thierry Noens
Maître Ashihara Ashihara
Maître Royama Kyokushin
Alain Setrouk Kyokushin Eskrima Alain Setrouk
Milan Radovic Kyokushin Boxing - France
 


Les grandes dates de la vie de Maître Oyama et du Kyokushinkai
1923 - Naissance de Maître Oyama
1947 - Premier Championnat national du Japon
1948 - Masutatsu Oyama s'isole 16 mois dans la montagne pour pratiquer et méditer
1952 - Tournée de 11 mois de démonstrations et de défis aux USA
1953 - Premier combat contre un taureau (Chicago)
1954 - Premier Dojo à Tokyo
1958 - Edition du livre 'What's Karate ?'
1960 - Déjà 72 Branch-Chiefs à travers le Monde
1964 - Ouverture du Honbu Dojo et création de l'I.K.O.
1969 - Premier Championnat national du Japon toutes catégories ('All Japan')
1975 - Premier Championnat du Monde toutes catégories avec 36 pays présents. Victoire de Katsuaki Sato
1979 - Démonstration URSS
1979 – 2e Championnat du Monde toutes catégories avec 40 pays présents. Victoire de Makoto Nakamura
1983 - Démonstration sur le porte-avion 'Jeanne D'Arc'
1983 - Premier Championnat en Hongrie
1983 – 3e Championnat du Monde toutes catégories avec 52 pays présents. Victoire de Makoto Nakamura
1987 – 4e Championnat du Monde toutes catégories avec 60 pays présents. Victoire de Shokei Matsui
1986 - Le Kyokushinkai ouvre des Dojos dans tout le Japon et devient le premier style pratiqué dans le Monde
1991 – 5e Championnat du Monde toutes catégories avec 75 pays présents. Victoire de Kenji Midori
1994 - Décès de Maître Oyama, nomination de Shokei Matsui par décision testamentaire au poste de Kancho
1995 - 6e Championnat du Monde (85 pays, 168 combattants – 25 000 spectateurs). Victoire de Kenji Yamaki
1996 - Premier Championnat du Monde féminin à frappe réelle –(115 combattantes)
1997 - Premier Championnat du Monde par catégories de poids
1998 - Première Coupe du Monde par équipes à Paris
1999 - 7e Championnat du Monde (92 pays, 192 combattants – 45 000 spectateurs). Victoire de Francisco Filho
2001 - Premier Championnat du Monde 'vétérans'
2002 - Premier Challenge international toutes catégories à Paris
2003 - 8e Championnat du Monde (92 pays, 224 combattants – 20 000 spectateurs). Victoire de Hitoshi Kiyama
Historique
Le Kyokushinkai a été créé part Maître Masutatsu Oyama qui a suivi l'enseignement des plus grands parmi lesquels Ô Sensei Funakoshi Gichin. Le style Japonais (Gojû Ryu et Shotokan) lui inspire les techniques de poing, le travail respiratoire, les mouvements linéaires ; les formes circulaires viennent du Taikiken de Maître Kenichi Sawai, mais il a aussi puisé dans les arts martiaux Chinois et Coréens anciens avant de faire sa propre synthèse basée sur ses recherches et sensations personnelles.

Maître Kenichi Sawai (Taikiken)
Au Japon, puis à travers le monde, Masutatsu Oyama a su faire connaître le Kyokushin avec de nombreux ouvrages. Maître Oyama est devenu de son vivant une véritable légende. Il a créé un style qui a la réputation d'être la forme "dure" du Karaté do. Les combats se déroulent avec contact et frappe réelle. La casse et l'endurance servent aux élèves à se tester ; kihon et kata restant bien évidement les outils de base du pratiquant.

Shihan Hatsuo Royama
Actuellement, le Kyokushinkai représente au Japon la plus grosse école de Karaté do et compte plus de douze millions de pratiquants sur les cinq continents (150 pays affiliés).
Maître Oyama est mort en avril 1994 à l'âge de 73 ans. Il a lui même nommé par testament son "héritier" spirituel et technique : Shokei Matsui, nommé directeur (Kancho) par l'organisation mondiale pour assurer la pérennité du style.

Kancho Shokei Matsui
L'I.K.O. de Kancho Matsui est restée toujours aussi forte comme le prouvent le nombre de pratiquants affiliés à travers le monde et l'organisation des derniers Championnats du Monde.
Depuis lors, le Kyokushinkai ne cesse d'accroître son aura avec des événements majeurs comme la Coupe du Monde par équipes à Paris Bercy puis à Sao Paulo, les Championnats du Monde féminins, les Championnats du Monde par catégories de poids, les Championnats du Monde vétérans ou le Challenge International toutes catégories de Paris Bercy en 2002.
Après une dissidence en 95, l'organisation IKO de Maître Matsui a retrouvé ses 12 000 000 de pratiquants affiliés répartis dans 125 pays à travers le Monde, et le Championnat du Monde toutes catégories à Tokyo en 2003 a permis de se rendre compte que la Russie et le Brésil ont imposé leur suprématie, même si les redoutables Japonais sont toujours présents sur l'échiquier mondial du Kyokushinkai.
 

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17.11.2022 18:59